Table 3. Difference of end-of-life care competency, knowledge of hospice and palliative care, empathy competency, ethical nursing competency and attitude toward end-of-life care by general characteristics (N=184)

Characteristics	End-of-life care competency		Knowledge of hospice and palliative care		Empathy competency		Ethical nursing competency		Attitude toward end-of-life care
	Mean±SD	t/F (p) Scheffe	Mean±SD	t/F (p) Scheffe	Mean±SD	t/F (p) Scheffe	Mean±SD	t/F (p) Scheffe	Mean±SD	t/F (p) Scheffe
Sex
Female	2.64±0.61	.01(.991)	9.27±2.62	.23(.815)	4.01±0.49	1.98(.049)	4.12±0.48	1.14(.255)	3.66±0.37	−.29(.765)
Male	2.64±0.61		9.14±2.31		3.81±0.47		4.01±0.46		3.69±0.46
Religion
No	2.66±0.59	.44(.658)	9.15±2.50	−.87(.384)	3.96±0.47	−.89(.371)	4.12±0.45	.78(.435)	3.66±0.38	−.49(.619)
Yes	2.62±0.65		9.52±2.75		4.03±0.54		4.06±0.53		3.69±0.38
Subjective health status
Bada	2.48±0.61	5.47(.005)b<c	9.62±2.70	2.58(.078)	3.77±0.47	4.02(.020)a<c	4.02±0.45	.58(.558)	3.79±0.36	2.41(.092)
Nomalb	2.47±0.60		8.58±2.25		3.93±0.55		4.10±0.53		3.59±0.32
Goodc	2.77±0.59		9.50±2.65		4.05±0.45		4.13±0.47		3.67±0.40
Experience of death of an acquaintance
Yes	3.06±0.51	.51(.599)	3.58±0.67	.23(.797)	7.74±1.35	1.16(.316)	3.31±0.75	.65(.524)	3.06±0.65	.94(.394)
No	3.11±0.49		3.63±0.60		7.87±1.14		3.42±0.69		3.17±0.75
Death experience of a patient
Yes	2.67±0.62	.94(.345)	9.31±2.71	.53(.599)	3.96±0.50	−1.1(.295)	4.09±0.48	−1.1(.266)	3.65±0.39	−.86(.393)
No	2.57±0.60		9.10±2.08		4.04±0.45		4.18±0.43		3.71±0.37
Experiences in end-of-life education
Yes	2.80±0.55	4.83<.001	9.42±2.70	1.28(.204)	4.03±0.48	1.93(.055)	4.14±0.47	1.11(.266)	3.69±0.39	1.03(.303)
No	2.36±0.62		8.92±2.30		3.88±0.50		4.05±0.48		3.63±0.37

SD: standard deviation.